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Explanation and ranking of social sustainability evaluation indicators in the design of residential complexes; a mixed approach
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Samaneh Hasannattaj  , Yaser Goldust * |
| University of Mazandaran & Faculty of art and architecture , y.goldust@umz.ac.ir |
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Abstract: (15 Views) |
In recent years, social sustainability has attracted considerable attention as one of the key dimensions of sustainable development across various disciplines and, more specifically, in the architectural design of residential complexes. Despite the importance of social sustainability in housing design, studies focusing specifically on its assessment remain scarce, and this area of knowledge has not received sufficient attention. Therefore, the present study adopts a mixed-methods approach with the aim of identifying and ranking the indicators for evaluating social sustainability in the design of residential complexes. The present study was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, adopting a qualitative approach, the indicators were systematically extracted from domestic and international databases using a meta-synthesis method. To tailor the indicators to the research context and obtain a final list, they were then refined through a survey of experts. In the second, quantitative stage, the Best–Worst Method, a multi-criteria decision-making approach, was employed to weight and prioritize the indicators. The qualitative phase of the study revealed 13 concepts, categorized under four themes: environmental satisfaction and desirability, comfort, social justice, and social capital. The quantitative results indicated that, in order of importance, social capital, comfort, environmental satisfaction and desirability, and social justice were the most significant indicators for evaluating social sustainability in this study. Among the sub-indicators, safety, security, social trust, social interaction and sense of place were identified as the top five sub-indicators. Considering that the present study is applied in nature and focuses on identifying and weighting indicators for evaluating social sustainability in residential complexes, its findings can serve as a basis for future policymaking and planning in the field of sustainable environmental development.
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| Keywords: social sustainability, residential complex, mixed method, Best-worst method, meta-synthesis. |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
سکونتگاههای شهری و روستایی
Received: 2026/02/10 | Accepted: 2026/08/17
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