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A Conceptual Model for Housing Design under Pandemic Conditions Using Norberg-Schulz’s Spatial Language
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Narges Davoodi *  , Fatemeh Nafar , Raziyeh Labibzadeh |
| , ndavoodi473@gmail.com |
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Abstract: (15 Views) |
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly transformed the meaning and function of the home, emphasizing the necessity of viewing it as a multidimensional space responsive to the diverse and evolving needs of human life. This transformation raises a fundamental question: under pandemic conditions, which criteria are most significant for residential design, and how can Norberg-Schulz’s spatial language be employed both to identify and to prioritize these design indicators and patterns? Given that Schulz defines space as a multidimensional and phenomenological concept, his theoretical framework aligns closely with the complex and multifaceted nature of pandemic realities.
Accordingly, this study adopts a descriptive–analytical methodology grounded in Norberg-Schulz’s spatial language to identify and rank design patterns appropriate for pandemic conditions. Data collection was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, theoretical and empirical foundations related to the concept of home and Schulz’s spatial theory were reviewed to define relevant indicators and spatial patterns. In the second phase, a pairwise-comparison questionnaire based on a nine-point Likert scale was distributed among 40 experts in architecture, urban planning, environmental psychology, and public health to determine the relative importance of each criterion. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in Expert Choice 11 software.
The AHP results revealed that adaptability ranks highest among the design criteria, followed by spatial sequence, work–home space integration, and restorative spaces. These findings highlight that employing Schulz’s theoretical components—such as the continuity of space and time, human–environment interaction, spatial hierarchy, and the conception of space as a communicative medium—offers a comprehensive conceptual framework for future housing design. Such a framework envisions homes that not only meet physical and functional requirements but also foster place identity, psychological well-being, and social resilience under conditions of crisis. Ultimately, the study proposes that integrating Norberg-Schulz’s multidimensional spatial theory into residential design provides an effective paradigm for creating responsive, adaptable homes capable of addressing the challenges of pandemics and other emergencies.
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| Keywords: Pandemic, Home, Adaptability, Schulz’s spatial language, Responsive environment |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
معماری
Received: 2025/05/2 | Accepted: 2025/12/23
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