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Generative Design Model for Circular Plan Kapars in the Villages of Qaleh Ganj Region, Based on Structural and Energy Performance Optimization
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Abbas Hosseinkhani *  , Hassan Zolfagarzadeh , Majid Shahbazi |
| Faculty of Technical Engineering and Basic Sciences; Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch; Zanjan; Iran. , 3130037977@iau.ir |
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Abstract: (11 Views) |
Objective: Kapar is one of the common vernacular housing typologies in the south of Kerman province, which is of significant importance in the development of sustainable construction approaches among researchers and professionals in the building industry. Accordingly, this study aims to optimize the energy and structural performance based on the general characteristics of Kapar with a circular plan, using a performative computational design approach and simulation-optimization methods in the villages of Qaleh Ganj region, Kerman.
Method: The research methodology adopts a quantitative approach, including modeling, energy and structural performance simulation, and optimization. To this end, first, the general characteristics of Kapar that influence energy and structural performance are identified and incorporated into the modeling process for simulation. Then, based on the typical Kapar dwellings of the Qaleh Ganj region, an optimization process is set up and executed using the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II).
Results: According to the findings, the proposed generative design model has reduced the average maximum structural displacement by 76.47%, and the cooling and heating demands by 48.42% and 28.02%, respectively. The results indicate that for a Kapar with a radius of 2.5 m, in order to achieve the best sustainable structural and energy performance, the optimal number of vertical elements is between 47 and 50, horizontal elements 13 or 16, arch base height 0.85 m, and pointed arch apex height between 3.75 and 3.85 m.
Conclusions: It is concluded that the general characteristics of Kapar have a significant impact on its energy and structural performance and consequently on the environmental sustainability of the region. Accordingly, the need for regional planning in this field is evident in the Qaleh Ganj region of Kerman. |
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| Keywords: Performance Simulation, Performance Optimization, Energy Performance, Structural Performance, Circular Plan Kapars, Qaleh Ganj Region Villages |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
سکونتگاههای شهری و روستایی
Received: 2026/05/22 | Accepted: 2026/08/19
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