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Human Approach in Resettlement Planning in Regional Development Plans
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Abstract: (13207 Views) |
| Every year millions of people in the world, following the implementation of development projects, are forced to be displaced and settling in the margin of the cities in the difficult conditions than before the resettlement. Present article, seeking an answer to the question of how to plan for involuntary resettlement in justly conditions, and, how to accomplish these plans. Michael M. Sernea, in his own Model of Hazard and Reconstruction, declares that the basic questions on resettlement are circumstances of displacement and manner of its prevention. According to him, eight hazards cause impoverishment. But it is possible, by planning, to reverse the process, and provide the condition of turning resettlement into rehabilitation. The impoverishment approach was exploited in the rehabilitation program in the area of Karoun3 dam which accomplished in two pre programs of rehabilitation and re occupation. But the program, didn accomplished. Studying of the accomplishment conditions of such programs in universal experiences, it became clear that, anthropologists and social scientists were the first who documented the impacts of impoverishment. Then, on the base of Serneas approach, the involuntary resettlement and rehabilitation model was explained, and the next step, in order to make the model operative, training was along with high education and traineeship of skillful forces of local participators, with collaboration of World Bank Economic Development Institute, in countries interested in resolution of resettlement. The next necessity was essential attempt to compile policies, instructions and laws related to resettlement, which were suggested and done by state or social activators. As the final result, resettlement management, requires the national overall will and endeavor, and can be succeeded through local tact and ability. Thus, must be constituted an authorized organization, with trans sectoral jurisdiction and influence, and having certain specifications, at national level, and also leave the responsibility of plan preparation, through an essential and scientific process, to spatial planners. |
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| Keywords: public participation, displacement, rehabilitation, relocation |
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Full-Text [PDF 583 kb]
(149 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
سکونتگاههای شهری و روستایی
Received: 2012/01/28 | Accepted: 2014/07/8 | Published: 2014/07/8
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