fa بررسی اثرات اجرای طرح ‌هادی بر تاب‌آوری کالبدی سکونتگاه‌های روستایی (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان مریوان) محیط کالبدی محیط کالبدی پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">طرح‌هادی محلی‌ترین طرح توسعه در ایران است و تاب‌آوری از مباحث مهم در مدیریت مخاطرات در سطح روستا می‌باشد</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> .</span></span><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">با توجه به اینکه در اجرای طرح‌هادی اغلب اثر گذاری کالبدی مد نظر است پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی و تحلیل میزان اثرگذاری اجرای طرح‌های هادی روستایی در تغییر سطح تاب‌آوری کالبدی روستاهای شهرستان مریوان انجام گرفته است. پژوهش به‌لحاظ هدف، کاربردی و از حیث روش، توصیفی- تحلیلی است. گردآوری اطلاعات با استفاده از دو روش اسنادی در بخش نظری و مصاحبه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و پرسشنامه در بخش میدانی بوده است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش روستاییان سرپرست خانوار ساکن در شهرستان مریوان هستند که طرح‌هادی در روستاهای آن‌ها اجرا گردیده و با توجه به تعداد جمعیت روستاهای آن‌ها 260 نفر از سه بخش شهرستان به‌عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب و پرسشنامه‌ها به‌صورت تصادفی ساده در میان روستاییان سرپرست خانوار توزیع گردید. تجزیه و تحلیل داده&rlm;های حاصل از پرسشنامه‌ها با&nbsp; استفاده از شاخص‌های آمار توصیفی‌ و آزمون&rlm;های آماری شامل خی دو</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و رتبه‌ای فریدمن حاکی از این واقعیت است که اجرای طرح ‌هادی در روستاهای منطقه مورد مطالعه، موجب ارتقای سطح شاخص‌های تاب‌آوری کالبدی روستایی گردیده است. همچنین از میان &nbsp;شاخص‌های مورد سنجش در تاب‌آوری کالبدی، شاخص اصلاح فضا و کیفیت معابر روستایی و اصلاح وضعیت مسکن، دارای بیشترین اثر بهبود و ارتقای وضعیت بوده و شاخص‌های نهادی- اداری و وجود سرپناه در زمان بحران کمترین اثرپذیری را داشته‌اند. بر‌اساس نتایج آزمون فریدمن، اثرپذیری شاخص‌ها به ترتیب عبارت از کیفیت فضا و معابر، کیفیت دسترسی به خدمات، کیفیت مسکن و ساخت و سازها، کیفیت کاربری اراضی، کیفیت محیطی، سرپناه و &nbsp;اداری- نهادی بوده است. برای ارتقای تاب‌آوری کالبدی روستاها لازم است بر ارتقای شاخص‌هایی که اثرپذیری کمتری داشته‌اند در اجرای طرح‌هادی تأکید بیشتری شود. </span></span><br> <br> &nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height:2;">Resilience in the field of rural development has economic, social, environmental and physical aspects. In the meantime, in the rural system, the rural area as context for socio-economic activities and areas that vulnerability and invulnerability of rural system largely depend on it,. resilience with regard to its impact on performance of other aspects of villages which determines the strength of rural system resilience, has a very great importance. Kurdistan as one of the provinces that has a lot of villages, a lot of rural master plan has been implemented in this villages to promote rural physical conditions. Marivan, as one of the counties of Kurdistan province has been chosen as case of study. In order to improve rural physical situation, rural master plan have been implemented and ended in 50 villages. The main issue that is being addressed in this study is the study of effects of implement rural master plan on the physical resilience level of villages in the Marivan County.<br> Resilience refers to the recovery of initial conditions after natural and human hazards. Resilience emphasizes on positive aspects, and today governments and communities are struggling to improve living conditions by promoting resilience to crises in at risk areas. In the meantime, the implementation of conductors&#39; plans in rural areas by organizing physical status will be a step towards achieving physical resilience in rural areas.<br> The physical situation of rural settlements is admitted as an area for their economic and social practices, so to promote the performance improvement, resilience of the physical condition of villages are necessary. In the meantime, conducting projects in rural areas by organizing physical condition will be a step towards achieving physical resilience in rural areas.<br> In terms of method, this applied research is analytical - descriptive. In order to collect information, documentary resources and field-based interviews and questionnaires(survey) were used. The population of the study includes the heads of rural households who are living in villages in Marivan county that 5 years past after the masterplan were implemented. By applying Cochran formula, 260 households are selected as the sample size selection and then , the questionnaires were distributed simple randomly among selected household&rsquo;s heads in selected sample villages.<br> Implementation of rural master plan&nbsp; at a significant level of 0.05 and 95% confidence has been effective in improving the status of road quality indicators, housing quality and facilities, quality of access to services, environmental quality and infrastructure, and land use quality.<br> The calculated average is more than the numerical desirability of the test, the desirable value of the t statistic and the confirmation of this.<br> However, in contrast to the unsatisfactory t-statistics, two indicators of improvement of shelter status and institutional-institutional status at a significant level of 0.05 and 95 percent confidence, confirm the inadequate effect of conducting conducting plans on improving the status of these two indicators in the studied villages. Finally, the average calculated at 3.18 at a significant level of 0.05 shows that the implementation of conductor designs has been able to improve the physical condition of the villages in the study area in relative terms.<br> According to the research findings, the implementation of conducting the plan has had a positive effect on all the indicators of physical resilience (except for administrative-institutional and shelter).<br> Indicators for improving the quality of passages and rural space and indicators for improving the quality of access to services and improving the quality of housing and infrastructure (among the indicators of physical resilience) are the indicators that have been most effective in conducting the plan, respectively.<br> Based on the results and field survey, to promote and improve physical resilience of rural areas, following strategies can actually be useful:<br> - Training local&nbsp; about the earthquake and coping strategies to reduce human and financial losses;<br> - Strengthening rural housing through low-interest and long-term lending in vulnerable villages;<br> - Providing a comprehensive map of the risk area and determining accident-prone areas;<br> - training local people by local intelect in order to observe the danger zone in areas that should not be done housing<br> &nbsp;</span></div> تاب‌آوری, تاب‌آوری کالبدی, طرح‌هادی, تاب‌آوری روستایی, شهرستان مریوان. resilience, physical resilience, tarhe hadi(rural master plan), rural resilient, marivan county. 13 26 http://jhre.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3035-4&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Farzad Vaisi فرزاد ویسی farzadvaisi@yahoo.com 100319475328460016533 100319475328460016533 Yes Assistant professor, Geography department, University of Payam Noor, Tehran, Iran استادیار دانشگاه پیام نور Mohammad Sedigh Ghorbni محمدصدیق قربانی 100319475328460016534 100319475328460016534 No Assistant professor, Geography department, University of Payam Noor, Tehran, Iran استادیار دانشگاه پیام نور Seivan Asadi سیوان اسدی 100319475328460016535 100319475328460016535 No M.A. in Geography and Rural Planning, PNU کارشناس‌ارشد برنامه‌ریزی روستایی